Step Up/Down Transformers for Sale in Nairobi, Kenya

A step up transformer is a passive device that raises the input alternating current voltage. The primary coil has fewer turns than the secondary coil. The primary coil is powered by alternating current voltage, and the output voltage is also powered by alternating current voltage.

Electromagnetic induction is used to induce emf on the secondary winding in order to induce a voltage on the secondary coil. There is no direct electrical connection between the primary and secondary coils.

What exactly is a transformer?

A transformer is made up of two or more wire coils wrapped around a ferromagnetic core. The only link between the coils is the common magnetic flux present within the core. The primary coil is powered by an alternating current voltage/current source, and an alternating current voltage is induced in the secondary coil as a result of the secondary coil’s common magnetic flux.

The turn ratio between the primary and secondary coils determines whether a transformer is a step-up transformer or a step-down transformer. If the turns ratio between the primary and secondary coils is greater than one (>1), the transformer will act as a step-down transformer; otherwise, the transformer will act as a step-up transformer.

Because the transformer is a very efficient piece of equipment, the frequencies of both input and output voltage are the same – whereas the voltage and current values are usually different.

A transformer provides galvanic isolation in an electrical system. Because of these two main characteristics, the transformer is the most important part of the electrical system, providing economical and reliable transmission and distribution of electrical energy.

Transformers, in theory, can transfer energy in both directions. However, it is not always possible because the ratings and properties of the core, a cross-section of copper wire, and other features are specifically designed for a task. A specific requirement operating voltage and current ranges have a unique transformer design calculation.

The primary coil of a step-up transformer has fewer turns than the secondary coil. Because of the higher current value on the primary side, a secondary wire has a smaller cross-section than a primary copper wire. We usually wind the primary coil over the secondary coil, which is close to the transformer core.

The equivalent circuit of a step-up transformer

The equivalent circuit of a transformer is the same for both types of transformers; only the turns ratio differs. After notation, primary winding resistance, current, voltage reactance, and so on will be written in subscript 1 and the second term in subscript 2.

Step-up Transformer Power

Ideally, The transformer’s input power is equal to its output power. However, electrical energy input through the primary coil is converted to magnetic energy, and magnetic energy is then converted back to electrical energy. A step-up transformer increases the voltage on the secondary coil while decreasing the current. Because input power equals output power, the products of voltage and current on the primary side equal those on the secondary side.

There are several types of losses in a transformer, including iron loss, copper loss, hysteresis loss, eddy current loss, stray loss, and dielectric loss. The hysteresis losses are caused by variations in magnetization in the transformer core, and the copper losses are caused by the transformer winding resistance.

As a result, in practice, transformer output voltage and current differ from theoretical calculations.

How do step-up transformers work?

When an alternating current voltage is applied to the primary coil, the primary winding induces a magnetic field with a time-varying alternating current.

This flux link connects to the secondary coil. The linking magnetic flux then induces a voltage on the secondary coil. This output voltage will be stepped up or down depending on the turn ratio.

Step-up Transformer Design

A step-up transformer is composed of two major components.

Windings/Coils

• The primary coil should have fewer turns than the secondary coil. Because it is a step-up transformer, the output voltage is high, so the output current is low. As a result, the secondary coil wire is thinner than the primary coil wire.
• Copper and aluminum are used in the winding. When compared to aluminum, which is less expensive, copper extends the life of the Step Up Transformer.
• Eddy Currents are reduced by core lamination. The most common types of laminations are E-E Type and E-I Type, which have fixed primary and secondary windings and are stacked to minimize the air gap.

Transformer core

• For the Core, less coercive materials such as Silicon Steel are preferred. If the core is made of other ferromagnetic materials, it may suffer from hysteresis and eddy current losses.
• The Core’s property restricts magnetic field lines in the air, increasing the Transformer’s efficiency.
• A highly permeable material is used to construct the Transformer’s core. Thin Silicon Steel is assembled and tightly clamped to form the Core, which is laminated. The preamble material used in the core’s formation is designed to allow the magnetic flux to flow with minimal loss.

Uses of Step-up transformers

• Transmission lines – The transmission line’s power loss is directly proportional to the square of the current flowing through it (Power = I2R). As a result, low current – high voltage is used to transfer power within stations. The output of a step-up transformer is high voltage and low current.
• In engineering plants, a generator step-up transformer is used.
• The step-up transformer is also used to start the electrical motor.
• Transformer inverters and stabilizers aid in the stabilization of low voltage to a higher voltage.
• Electrical and electronic devices that require a voltage boost
• For example, a step-up transformer from 110v to 220v is used in electrical appliances made for both categories of countries that use 110v or 220v distribution lines.
• X-ray machines on microwave ovens